CuO/Al复合材料的制备及对高氯酸铵催化作用研究

Preparation of CuO/Al Composite Catalyst and Its Catalytic Effect on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

摘要:

为了改善固体推进剂中高氯酸铵（AP）热分解性能，本文利用溶胶凝胶法制备了CuO/Al复合催化剂，并利用SEM、XRD等手段对其形貌和结构进行了表征，通过DSC方法考察了催化剂对AP 热分解的催化效果。结果表明：CuO/Al催化剂复合结构完整，其对AP的催化效果明显优于普通混合物CuO/Al的催化效果，并对比了加入1%、3%、5%不同质量分数的CuO/Al复合催化剂的催化效果，发现当加入量为5%时，低温分解峰和高温分解峰分别降低24.2℃和120.2℃，表明所制备的CuO/Al复合催化剂可有效降低AP的热分解温度，改善其热分解性能。

Abstract:

In order to improve the thermal decomposition performance of AP in solid propellants, CuO/Al composite catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method, and its morphology and structure were characterized by SEM, XRD and other means. The catalytic effect of the catalyst on the thermal decomposition of AP was investigated by DSC method.Results show that the CuO/Al composite catalyst structure is complete, and the catalytic effect of composite catalyst CuO/Al on AP is obviously better than that of mixture catalyst CuO/Al. The catalytic effects of CuO/Al composite catalysts with different mass fractions of 1%, 3% and 5% were compared. It was found that the low temperature decomposition peak and high temperature decomposition peak decreased by 24.2℃ and 120.2℃, respectively, when the addition amount was 5%.The results show that the prepared CuO/Al composite catalyst can significantly reduce the thermal decomposition temperature of AP and improve its thermal decomposition performance.