由特殊形貌基材构建的耐磨双疏表面研究进展

Robust amphiphobic surface constructed from substrate with special morphology

摘要:

双疏表面因在自清洁、防污、防腐蚀等方面的应用价值而受到广泛关注。然而，双疏表面在使用过程中因机械摩擦等作用，易造成微纳结构及双疏官能团的破坏而影响双疏性能。因此，提高机械稳定性能成为双疏表面在实际应用中的关键问题。近期，以特殊形貌基材结合表面微纳结构和疏液基团构建机械稳定双疏功能层的研究引起广泛关注。本文对相关研究做了综合评述。特殊形貌基材通过尺度较大的规整凹凸结构为附着的尺度较小的纳米粗糙表面和疏液基团提供保护来实现机械稳定性；电/化学刻蚀、电化学沉积、激光加工、压印、模板是目前常见的制备方法；理论模型的建立，基材和粗糙结构相对尺度和形貌的定量化探索，材料研究范围的拓展和制备成本的控制是未来发展的重点。

Abstract:

Amphiphobic surface has attracted wide attention due to its application in cleaning, antifouling and anticorrosion. However, because of mechanical friction and other effects, the micro-nanostructure and amphiphobic functional groups of the surface will be destroyed, which will affect the amphiphobicity of the surface. Therefore, improving the mechanical stability becomes the key problem in the practical application of amphiphobic surface. Recently, the research on the construction of mechanically stable amphiphobic functional layer with special morphology substrate combined with surface micro-nanostructure and lyophobic groups has attracted extensive attention. This paper makes a comprehensive review of the related research. The substrate with special morphology can achieve mechanical stability by providing protection for the attached smaller-scale nano rough surface and lyophobic groups through larger-scale regular concave convex structure. Electro/chemical etching, electrochemical deposition, laser processing, imprinting and template are the common preparation methods. More attentions should be paid to the establishment of theoretical model, the quantitative exploration of relative size and morphology of substrate and rough structure, the expansion of material research scope and the control of preparation cost.