细菌纤维素的功能化改性研究进展

Research progress on functional modification of bacterial cellulose

摘要:

细菌纤维素(BC)是微生物生长过程中产生的以葡萄糖为基本骨架的结构性碳水化合物，具有高纯度、高聚合度、高结晶度、高持水性、高抗张强度和良好的机械强度，在功能材料领域显示了巨大的应用潜力。该文综述了近年来BC合成菌种筛选的研究现状；分析了BC在透气、吸湿排汗、力学性能和染色与脱色性能调控方面的进展情况；重点总结了BC基材料在抗菌、防紫外线、防辐射、防静电、拒水拒油、导电和传感等功能化改性方面的研究进展。最后，指出BC大规模高效成模和成型技术、差异化高功能BC材料制备技术是未来的重点研发方向。

Abstract:

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a kind of structural carbohydrate with glucose as the basic skeleton produced in the process of microbial growth. It displays high purity, high degree of polymerization, high crystallinity, high water holding capacity, high tensile strength and good mechanical strength, showing great application potential in the field of functional materials. This paper reviewed the research status of BC synthetic strain screening in recent years; the progress of BC in air permeability, moisture absorption and perspiration, mechanical properties, dyeing and decolorization were analyzed; the research progress of BC based materials in functional modification such as antibacterial, anti ultraviolet, anti radiation, anti-static, water and oil repellent, conductivity and sensing was summarized. Finally, it was pointed out that BC large-scale and high-efficiency molding and molding technology, differentiated and high-function BC material preparation technology are the key research and development direction in the future.