金属-有机笼状化合物在限域催化领域的研究进展

Progress of metal-organic cages in confined catalysis

摘要:

金属-有机笼状化合物（MOCs）是一种由金属离子与有机配体通过配位自组装而成的具有特定空腔的化合物。MOCs的可变价金属离子、功能性配体和形状各异的空腔结构为催化活性位点提供了多种可能，MOCs的限域催化作用实现了对不同类型反应的效率提升，因此，本文从金属离子、功能性配体以及其限域空腔三方面来详细阐述金属-有机笼状化合物在催化领域的研究进展，其中，金属-有机笼状化合物的金属离子催化性能主要表现在光致产氢、光致产氧和二氧化碳还原，其功能性配体能够调节不对称催化反应的对映选择能力，其限域空腔为光二聚体的形成起到了很好的催化效果并且也能够对一般的有机反应起到明显的促进效果。

Abstract:

Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are self-assembled compounds with specific cavities by coordination between metal ions and organic ligands. Metal ions with variable valence , functional ligands and cavity with different structures of MOCs provide some possibilities for catalytic active sites. The catalysis of confined MOCs improves the efficiency of different types of reactions. Therefore, this paper describes the research progress of metal-organic cages in the field of catalysis from three aspects: metal ions, functional ligands and their confined cavity. Firstly, metal ions of metal-organic cages are mainly reflected in photoinduced hydrogen production, photoinduced oxygen production and carbon dioxide reduction. Secondly, their functional ligands can regulate the enantioselective ability of asymmetric catalytic reactions. Thirdly, their confined cavity plays a good catalytic effect for the formation of photodimers, and can also significantly promote general organic reactions.