纳米分散染料胶囊的制备及其对涤纶织物轧染染色性能

Preparation of nanoscale disperse dyes microcapsules and pad dyeing properties on polyester fabric

摘要:

针对涤纶织物浸轧染色存在浮色多、后水洗负担重的问题，通过乳液聚合法制备了以分散染料为核，甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）-丙烯酸丁酯（BA）共聚物为壳的纳米分散染料胶囊（NDDM），探究了核壳投料比、软硬单体配比、固色温度和固色时间等因素对涤纶织物轧染染色性能的影响。结果表明，NDDM对涤纶织物轧染染色的色牢度和匀染性均优于C.I.分散紫93染色织物，当核壳质量投料比为1:2、MMA和BA质量投料比为1:1，焙烘温度180 ℃、焙烘时间5 min时，NDDM轧染染色织物的颜色深，手感变化小，且未水洗染色织物的各项色牢度达到4级及以上，还原清洗COD值为312.3 mg/L，COD值较C.I.分散紫93染色相比下降了58%。在高温条件下，NDDM内分散染料从聚丙烯酸酯壳层内迁移释放并上染纤维，聚丙烯酸酯壳将未进入纤维内的残余染料覆盖固着在纤维表面。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of floating color and heavy washing after continuous dipping dyeing of polyester fabric, nanoscale disperse dye microcapsules (NDDM) with disperse dye as core and P(MMA-co-BA) as shell were prepared by emulsion polymerization method. The effects of core-shell feeding ratio, MMA and BA ratio, curing temperature and time on dyeing properties were investigated. The results showed that the color fastness and levelness of NDDM pad dyed fabrics were better than those of C.I. Disperse Violet 93 pad dyeing fabrics. When the core-shell feeding ratio was 1:2, MMA:BA feeding ratio was 1:1, curing temperature was 180 ℃, curing time was 5 min, the color properties of NDDM pad dyed fabrics were better, and their hand feel was close to that of the original polyester. Without washing, the color fastness was 4 or 4-5, and the COD value of reduction cleaning was 312.3 mg·L-1, which decreased by 58% compared with C.I. Disperse Violet 93 dyeing. Under high temperature conditions, disperse dyes in NDDM migrate out of the polyacrylate shell in molten state and dye polyester. The polyacrylate shell covers and binds the residual dyes on the surface of fiber.