燃烧后二氧化碳捕集技术与应用进展

Post-combustion carbon dioxide capture technology and progress of application

摘要:

二氧化碳是主要的温室气体之一，其大量排放已对全球的气候环境造成严重影响，迫切需要开发经济有效的碳捕集技术。目前，碳捕集技术主要有吸收分离法、吸附分离法、膜分离法和低温分离法。首先，介绍了碳捕集技术的发展现状、应用研究进展和未来发展趋势；总结了国内外碳捕集示范项目；重点对比了各碳捕集技术的优势与缺点，同时强调了捕集技术面临的困难与挑战；指出目前主要的碳捕集技术均难以独立实现高效、节能、经济的碳捕集分离，需针对不同的应用场景，选择适合的分离技术，并提出了适用分离场景的应用建议；最后，简要介绍了混合捕集技术的研究成果，提出混合捕集技术可能是一种突破单一捕集技术瓶颈的可行方法。

Abstract:

Carbon dioxide,as one of the main greenhouse gases, has caused an impact on the whole globe climate and environment due to its massive emission. Therefore, it is urgent to develop economical and effective carbon capture technology. At present, carbon capture technology mainly includes absorption separation, adsorption separation, membrane separation and cryogenic separation. Firstly, the development status, application research progress and future development trends of the carbon capture technology were reviewed. Moreover, the main post-combustion carbon capture projects at home and abroad were also summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of each carbon capture technology were compared, and the difficulties and challenges faced by the capture technology were emphasized. In conclusion, the current main carbon capture technologies are difficult to independently achieve efficient, energy-saving, economical carbon capture separation, which need to choose the suitable separation technology for different application scenarios according to the given application suggestions. Lastly, the research studies of mixed capture technology were briefly introduced, indicating that the combination of capture technologies may be a feasible method to break the bottleneck of single capture technology.