溶剂极性对沙棘渣提取物组成及体外降血糖、降血脂活性的影响

Effects of solvent polarity on composition of extracts from seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhanmoides L.) residue and their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in vitro

摘要:

为探讨溶剂极性对沙棘渣提取物组成及体外降糖降脂活性影响，以沙棘果渣和籽渣为原料，采用不同极性溶剂经超声波辅助提取，评价沙棘渣中活性成分含量及其体外降血糖和降血脂能力，结合超高效液相色谱串联四极杆静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)对沙棘渣中活性成分进行鉴定。结果表明，溶剂极性对多酚类化合物的提取效率、降血糖、降血脂能力有显著影响，其中60%乙醇提取物具有最高的粗提物得率，果渣的60%乙醇提取物中总酚含量（11.08 mg/g）、总黄酮含量（6.49 mg/g）和原花青素含量（6.18 mg/g）最高。籽渣的80%乙醇提取物中总酚含量（25.70 mg/g）最高，丙酮提取物中总黄酮含量（14.23 mg/g）、原花青素含量（16.87 mg/g）最高。沙棘果渣和籽渣丙酮提取物具有最好的α-葡萄糖苷酶与α-淀粉酶活性抑制能力。籽渣80%乙醇提取物、果渣60%乙醇提取物具有最好的甘氨胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠结合能力。原花青素是籽渣提取物体外降血脂、降血糖活性主要贡献者。果渣提取物中的总多酚与降血脂能力显著相关。从沙棘渣提取物中共鉴定出37种化合物，主要为黄酮和萜类成分。沙棘籽渣提取物具有很强的体外降血糖、降血脂活性，有望用于特膳食品和功能性食品基料的研发。

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of solvent polarity on the composition of seabuckthorn residue extract and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in vitro, seabuckthorn residue were used as raw materials. The content of active components in seabuckthorn residue and the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic ability in vitro were evaluated. The active components in seabuckthorn residue were identified by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The results show that, solvent polarity had a significant effect on the extraction efficiency of polyphenols, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic (P<0.05). The 60% ethanol extract had the highest yield of crude extract, and the 60% ethanol extract of fruit residue had the highest total phenol content (11.08 mg/g), total flavonoids content (6.49 mg/g) and proanthocyanidin content (6.18 mg/g). The total phenol content (25.70 mg/g) in 80% ethanol extract of seed residue was the highest, and the total flavonoids content (14.23 mg/g) and proanthocyanidins content (16.87 mg/g) in acetone extract were the highest. The acetone extracts from seabuckthorn fruit and seed residue had the best inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. 80% ethanol extract from seed residue and 60% ethanol extract from fruit residue had the best combination ability of sodium glycinate and sodium taurocholate. Procyanidins are the main contributors to the activity of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic in vitro. The total polyphenols in fruit residue extract were significantly correlated with the ability of hypolipidemic. A total of 37 compounds were identified from the extract of seabuckthorn residue, mainly flavonoids and terpenes. Seabuckthorn seed residue extract has strong hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in vitro, and is expected to be used in the research and development of special food and functional food base materials.