核壳结构纳米复合材料的制备及催化应用研究进展

Progress of Preparation and Catalytic Application of Core-Shell Nanocomposites

摘要:

核壳结构纳米复合材料，即一层或多层的无机或有机材料借助某种相互作用力包覆在无机或有机颗粒的外表面所形成的具有核壳结构的纳米材料。核壳结构纳米复合材料可以改善外核和内壳的不足，提高材料的光、电、磁、催化等特性。根据核和壳层的不同可划分出多种分类，且制备方法多样。核与壳之间的相互作用促使核壳结构纳米复合材料呈现出多种优异的功能特性，广泛应用于诸多领域。在催化中，核壳结构纳米复合材料不但表现出良好的耐化学侵蚀特性还能有效减少纳米粒子的团聚、烧结等问题。该文综述了核壳型纳米复合材料的分类、制备方法及在催化领域中的应用，简单阐述了其形成机理，并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Core-shell structure nanocomposite, namely a layer or multilayer of inorganic or organic materials are coated on the outer surface of inorganic or organic particles with a certain interaction force to form a composite nanomaterial with core-shell structure. Core-shell nanocomposites can improve the deficiencies of the outer core and inner shell and improve the optical, electrical, magnetic, catalytic and other properties of the material. According to the difference of core and shell layer, it can be divided into various categories, and there are various preparation methods. The interaction between core and shell makes core-shell nanocomposites exhibit various excellent functional properties, which are widely used in many fields. In catalytic applications, core-shell nanocomposites not only exhibit good chemical resistance, but also effectively reduce the agglomeration and sintering of nanoparticles. We provide the classification, preparation methods and applications of core-shell nanocomposites in the field of catalysis, briefly expound their formation mechanism, and prospect their future development directions.