MXene的改性及其在功能涂层中的应用

Application of modified MXene in functional coatings

摘要:

MXene是一种新型二维过渡金属碳化物和/或氮化物，可通过氢氟酸、氟化锂和盐酸或无机氟化物等刻蚀前驱体MAX相中的活泼金属元素而得到。MXene具有高比表面积、高电导率以及优异的光学、电学及力学等特性。将其引入涂层中，可以赋予涂层光热转换、导电、增强、阻燃、抗菌等性能，从而拓展其在传感器、特种防护等领域中的应用。本文首先综述了MXene的制备方法，包括氢氟酸刻蚀法、改性酸刻蚀法、熔融氟盐刻蚀法、无氟刻蚀法等，并探讨了剥离作用对MXene的影响。然后详细介绍了三种提升MXene表面反应性、电学性能、稳定性的改性方法，即插层改性、掺杂改性和防氧化改性，总结了其在传感器、电磁屏蔽、光热以及其他功能涂层中的应用。最后，从MXene的功能性应用方面展望了其未来的研究方向和发展前景。

Abstract:

MXene is an intriguing new class of 2D transition metal carbide and/or carbonitride, which can be obtained by etching the active metal element in the MAX with the help of hydrofluoric acid, lithium fluoride with hydrochloric acid or inorganic fluoride. MXene has high specific surface area, high conductivity, excellent optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. After introducing MXene, the coating can obtain the properties of photothermal conversion, conductivity, reinforcement, flame retardant and antibacterial to broaden their application in the fields of sensors, special protection, and so on. Firstly, this paper reviews the preparation methods of MXene, including hydrofluoric acid etching, modified acid etching, molten fluoride etching and fluorine-free etching. Meanwhile, the influence of exfoliation on MXene is discussed. Then, three modification methods which can improve the surface reactivity, electrical and stability of MXene are introduced in detail, namely intercalation modification, doping modification and antioxidation modification. In addition, their applications in sensors, electromagnetic shielding, photothermal and other functional coatings are summarized. Finally, the future re-search direction and development prospect on the functional application of MXene are prospected.