提升皮革染色性能的研究进展

Research progress on improving dyeing properties of leather

摘要:

皮革及其制品的色彩反映了人的审美诉求，往往是人们选择皮鞋、皮衣、箱包等皮革制品的首要评价特征。因此，皮革染色是制革过程中最重要的工序之一。针对传统染色方法所暴露出的染色不均匀、皮革耐摩擦牢度及耐洗色牢度差等问题，本文主要介绍了提高皮革染色性能的方法与清洁的皮革染色技术。首先简要概述了常用的皮革染料，皮革染色原理，然后阐述了染色前处理、添加染色助剂两种提高皮革染色性能的方法，同时介绍了超声波技术、微波技术、超临界CO₂技术、微胶囊技术、纳米技术、电化学技术、等离子体技术在皮革染色中的应用，最后对皮革染色的发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract:

The color of leather and leather products reflects people"s aesthetic appeal, and is usually the primary evaluation feature in purchasing leather products such as shoes, leather clothes, bags and so on. Therefore, leather dyeing is one of the most important processes in the leather making process. In view of the uneven dying, low rubbing fastness and washing fastness exposed in the traditional dyeing, this article mainly introduced the methods to improve leather dyeing performance and clean leather dyeing technology. Firstly, common leather dyes and the principles of leather dyeing are briefly overviewed. Then two methods to improve the dyeing performance of leather, namely dyeing pretreatment and dyeing auxiliaries are discussed. The applications of ultrasonic technology, microwave technology, supercritical CO₂ technology, microcapsule technology, nano technology, electrochemical technology, plasma technology in leather dyeing are introduced. Finally, the development trend of leather dyeing is prospected.