燃料电池中铁基氧还原催化剂的研究进展

Research progress of iron-based oxygen reduction catalysts in fuel cells

摘要:

阴极氧还原反应是燃料电池的核心反应之一。目前催化氧还原反应的催化剂通常是贵金属铂，但其普遍存在成本高、对甲醇耐受性差、易CO中毒等缺点，因此开展非贵金属催化剂的研究显得尤为重要。铁基催化剂因催化活性好、稳定性高、甲醇耐受性好、价格低廉等备受青睐，最有希望成为铂基催化剂的替代品。本文主要综述了几类铁基氧还原催化剂的研究现状、催化机理及活性影响因素，并在此基础上阐述了各类催化剂目前尚待解决的问题和发展方向。

Abstract:

Cathode oxygen reduction reaction is one of the core reactions of fuel cells. At present, the catalyst for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction is usually the noble metal platinum. However, its high cost, poor tolerance to methanol, and easy carbon monoxide poisoning limit its widespread use. Therefore, it is essential to research non-platinum-based catalysts. Iron-based catalysts are favored due to their excellent catalytic activity, high stability, good methanol tolerance, and low price, and they are the most promising alternatives to platinum-based catalysts. In this paper, the research status, catalytic mechanism and factors affecting the activity of several types of iron-based oxygen reduction catalysts are reviewed. Then, the problems to be solved and the development direction of various catalysts are also proposed.