双交联长链烷烃/有机硅防水剂的制备及其耐磨性能

The preparation and wear resistance property of double crosslinked waterproofing agent based on long chain alkane and silicon

摘要:

针对近年来含氟防水剂流通禁令的陆续发布，研制具有优异防水性能的环境友好型的无氟防水剂成为了当前纺织品功能整理领域研究的热点与难点。现有基于长链烷烃及低表面能有机硅与纳米粒子结合的策略受限于疏水性差、易磨损等局限，严重限制了该类防水剂的发展和应用。本工作创新性地将N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺（N-MAM）与十八烯（ODE）、乙烯基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷（Vi-PDMS）结合，基于N-羟甲基自交联及与织物表面羟基交联，实现低表面能聚合物体系与织物表面的紧密结合，赋予整理后的织物优异的防水透气性及耐磨、耐强酸强碱、耐洗等机械和化学稳定性。水在整理织物表面的接触角可达157°，整理后的织物在机械压力摩擦1000次、强酸碱浸泡10分钟、水洗5个周期后仍具有良好的疏水效果。整理前后的织物透气性变化不大，透气率分别为697 mm/s和720 mm/s，解决了传统涂层型防水织物疏水而不透气的问题。

Abstract:

In view of the distribution ban of fluorine-containing waterproofing agents in recent years, the development of environment-friendly fluorine-free waterproofing agents with excellent waterproof performance has become a key issue in the field of fabric finishing. The existing strategies based on the combination of long chain alkane and low surface energy silicone with nanoparticles are limited by the poor hydrophobicity and wear resistance, which seriously restrict the development and application of this kind of waterproofing agent. In this work, n-hydroxymethyl acrylamide (N-MAM) was introduced and combined with octadecene (ODE) and vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (Vi-PDMS) to achieve tough bonding between the low surface energy polymer network and the fabric surface via self-crosslinking and interface crosslinking of n-hydroxymethyl. The finished fabric is endowed with excellent mechanical and chemical stability, including waterproof, air permeability, abrasive resistance, acid and alkali resistance, washing resistance. The water contact angle on the surface of the treated fabric is up to 157° and the treated fabric remains good hydrophobicity after 1000 times of mechanical pressure friction, 10 minutes of strong acid and alkali immersion, and 5 cycles of washing. The flourine-free waterproofing agent has little effect on air permeability of the fabric, and the air permeability reaches 697 mm/s and 720 mm/s respectively before and after treatment, which solves the problem with traditional coated waterproof fabrics that are hydrophobic but not air permeable.