酞菁类盘状液晶材料研究进展

Research progress of discoid liquid crystals based on phthalocyanines

摘要:

拥有大环π电子高度共轭结构的酞菁（Pc）核，具备自组装的潜在特征，且在可见光区域具有强吸收。经修饰改性的酞菁衍生物被应用于液晶显示、太阳能电池、非线性光学等光电材料中，其中液晶相行为影响材料性能方面更引人关注。通过修饰酞菁核可以改变液晶相行为，最具有代表性的修饰是酞菁核中心空腔阳离子配位和外围添加取代基团。经修饰改性的酞菁衍生物柱状自组装趋势明显，盘状中间相易形成，共轭层之间电子的传输能力得到增强，具备了作为光电材料基本性质。本文综述了近十几年来酞菁衍生物盘状液晶材料的研究进展，分析总结了酞菁核的结构修饰对其液晶性能影响之间的构效关系，最后进一步对酞菁衍生物盘状液晶在高性能材料合成方面存在缺陷和研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Phthalocyanine (Pc) core with large ring π electron highly conjugated structure has the potential characteristics of self-assembly and has strong absorption in the visible light region. Modified phthalocyanine derivatives have been used in liquid crystal display, solar cells, nonlinear optics and other optoelectronic materials. The behavior of the liquid crystal phase can be changed by modifying the phthalocyanine core. The most representative modification is the central cavity cation coordination of the phthalocyanine core and the addition of a peripheral substituent group. The modified phthalocyanine derivatives have obvious column self-assembly trend, disk mesophase is easy to form, and the electron transmission ability between conjugated layers is enhanced, so they have the basic properties as photoelectric materials. In this paper, the research progress of phthalocyanine derivative discotic liquid crystal materials in the past decade is reviewed, and the structure-activity relationship between the structure modification of phthalocyanine core and its liquid crystal properties is analyzed and summarized. Finally, the defects and research directions of phthalocyanine derivative discoid liquid crystals in the synthesis of high-performance materials are prospected.