固体废弃物吸附含铀（Ⅵ）废水的应用及性能

Utilization and effectiveness of solid waste adsorption of wastewater containing uranium(VI)

摘要:

社会经济的发展和人类活动的进行导致固体废弃物数量和种类不断增加，固体废弃物资源化成为世界范围内的热点话题。在双碳背景下，重视循环经济的发展，废弃物资源化有较大的提升空间。核工业核技术迅速发展产生含铀放射性废水，利用固体废弃物制成吸附材料对含铀（Ⅵ）废水处理可达到“以废治废”的目的，缓解环境污染问题，利于可持续发展。通过归纳一些主要的可应用在除铀方面的农林业固体废弃物、工业固体废弃物以及城市固体废弃物等固体废弃物吸附材料，介绍了固体废弃物吸附材料的制备和改性方法以及除铀机理等，并对今后铀吸附材料的研究方向进行了展望，指出今后铀吸附材料将向高效吸附、绿色环保、高附加值方向想发展。

Abstract:

The number and variety of solid waste have increased as a result of socioeconomic growth and human activity, and resourcization of solid waste has gained popularity across the globe. Waste resourcization has a lot of space for improvement against the backdrop of double carbon, which emphasizes the growth of the circular economy. Uranium(VI)-containing radioactive wastewater is produced by the nuclear industry's rapid advancement of nuclear technology, and it can be treated with adsorbent materials made of solid waste to achieve the goal of "treating waste with waste", reducing environmental pollution issues and promoting sustainable development. This paper introduces the preparation and modification methods of solid waste adsorbent materials, the mechanism of uranium removal, and summarizes some of the main solid waste adsorbent materials that can be used in uranium removal, such as agricultural and forestry solid waste, industrial solid waste, and municipal solid waste. It also provides an outlook on the future research direction of uranium adsorbent materials. It is pointed out that the uranium adsorption materials will be developed in the direction of efficient adsorption, green environmental protection and high added value.