改性凹凸棒土对PBAT阻燃性能的影响

Effect of Modified Attapulgite on Flame Retardancy of PBAT

摘要:

用费托蜡（FTW）对凹凸棒土（ATP）进行表面改性制备阻燃剂F-ATP，并对F-ATP的形貌、结构及其热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明，经改性后的ATP团聚现象消失且热稳定性明显提高。将阻燃剂F-ATP加入到聚对苯二甲酸/己二酸丁二酯（PBAT）基体中制备了PBAT/F-ATP复合材料。采用LOI、UL-94、CCT、FTIR-TG、拉曼光谱和SEM对复合材料的阻燃性能进行了分析。结果表明，阻燃剂F-ATP添加量为10%（以复合材料质量计，下同）的PBAT/F-ATP复合材料（PBAT-3）阻燃效果最佳，其LOI值达到23.5%，UL-94等级达到V-1级，熔滴现象得到明显改善。此外，与ATP添加量为10%的PBAT/ATP复合材料相比，PBAT-3复合材料的PHRR、THR值分别降低了4.99%和26.11% 。TG-IR结果表明，PBAT-3复合材料气态产物的释放量在整个燃烧过程中均有所降低，起到了很好的气相阻燃效果，这主要归因于阻燃剂F-ATP的加入使得PBAT/F-ATP复合材料形成致密且连续性好的炭层结构，有效地隔绝了复合材料内部与外界的热量/质量的传递。

Abstract:

The flame retardant F-ATP was prepared by surface modification of attapulgite (ATP) with fischer-tropsch wax (FTW). The morphology, structure and thermal stability of the flame retardant F-ATP were characterized. The results showed that the aggregation of the modified ATP disappeared and its thermal stability was significantly improved. The flame retardant F-ATP was added to poly (terephthalic acid/butylene adipate) (PBAT) matrix to prepare PBAT/F-ATP composites. The LOI, UL-94, CCT, FTIR-TG, raman spectroscopy and SEM were used to analyze the flame retardancy property of PBAT/F-ATP composite. The results showed that when adding 10 wt% flame retardant F-ATP, the flame retardancy property of PBAT-3 composite was the best, where its LOI value and UL-94 grade reached 23.5% and V-1 grade, and the droplet phenomenon was greatly improved. In addition, compared with the composite including 10wt% ATP, the PHRR and THR values of PBAT-3 composites decreased by 4.99% and 26.11%, respectively. At the same time, the TG-IR results showed that the release of gaseous products of PBAT-3 composites decreased in the whole combustion process, which had a good gas phase flame retardant effect. The outstanding flame retardant property was mainly due to the addition of flame retardant F-ATP, where the PBAT/F-ATP composites formed a dense and continuous carbon layer, which effectively insulates the heat/mass transfer between the interior and exterior of the PBAT/F-ATP composite.