石墨烯/聚合物泡沫压阻式应变传感器研究进展

Research progress of graphene/polymer piezoresistive strain sensors with foaming structures

摘要:

基于石墨烯和聚合物的三维多孔结构的导电聚合物基复合材料（CPCs）具有轻量化、高灵敏度、宽应变检测范围、低成本和可扩展性等优点，已成为可穿戴柔性应变传感器的理想选择。该文首先总结了柔性应变传感器的传感机制，包括裂纹扩展机制、重叠-断开机制和隧穿效应等。其次，介绍了三种具有多孔泡沫结构的CPCs的构筑工艺，包括基于聚合物泡沫、基于石墨烯/聚合物混合分散液、基于石墨烯泡沫等。再次，总结了通过上述三种工艺制备的柔性多孔应变传感器的传感性能，并列举了其在人体运动监测领域中的应用实例。最后，对基于石墨烯和聚合物的柔性多孔应变传感器面临的挑战和发展前景进行了展望。

Abstract:

Due to the advantages of lightweight, high sensitivity, wide pressure range, low cost and scalability, conductive polymer composites (CPCs) based on graphene/polymers with three-dimensional porous structures have been the optimal choice for the wearable and flexible strain sensors. In this article, the sensing mechanisms of the flexible strain sensors were first summarized, including crack propagation, overlapping-disconnection and tunneling effect. Meanwhile, three kinds of construction processes of CPCs with porous structures were introduced, including on the basis of polymer foam, graphene/polymer mixed dispersion and graphene foam, respectively. Furthermore, the sensing performances of the flexible strain sensors with porous structures prepared by the above-mentioned three techniques have been summarized, and the relevant examples of flexible strain sensors with porous structures in human motion monitoring fields were presented. Finally, the challenges and development prospects of porous and flexible strain sensors based on graphene/polymers were prospected.