氨基化改性胶原蛋白的研究进展

Research progress of amino-modified collagen

摘要:

胶原蛋白是生物体内重要的组织蛋白，来源广泛，种类繁多，具有良好的生物相容性、可生物降解性以及生物活性等，是一种重要的功能性材料。然而未改性的胶原蛋白理化性质较差，如热稳定性、机械强度及耐酶性等，限制了胶原蛋白的应用范围。因此，如何改性胶原蛋白，从而提高其理化性质一直是研究者们关注的热点。氨基作为胶原蛋白侧链上的主要活性基团之一，是胶原蛋白表面正电荷的主要来源，在与其他物质的交联中发挥不可或缺的作用。因此，氨基化改性胶原蛋白可以增加胶原蛋白上的活性位点，提高其表面电荷，有利于拓宽其应用范围。在此背景下，该文主要介绍了胶原蛋白的理化性质和主要的改性方法，综述了氨基化胶原蛋白在生物医学、环境治理及皮革工业等方面的最新研究进展，并对未来氨基化胶原蛋白在皮革清洁无铬鞣制系统中的应用前景进行了展望。

Abstract:

Collagen is an important essential tissue protein in creatures with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and biological activity. The origin and types of collagen are comprehensive. However, the application of unmodified collagen is not satisfactory. This was attributed to poor physical and chemical properties such as thermal stability, mechanical strength, and enzyme resistance. Hence, improving collagen properties via modification attracts attention of researchers. Amino groups on the side chain of collagen provide strong crosslinking ability and positive charge. The application of collagen can be further expanded by amination, which related to the enhancement of positive sites and surface charge of collagen. In this background, the properties and main modification methods of collagen are introduced detailly. The latest research progress of amino-modified collagen in biomedicine, environmental management and the leather industry is reviewed. Finally, the future development of amino-modified collagen in a clean chrome-free leather tanning system has also been prospected.