壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐的合成及性能

Synthesis and properties of sodium nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylates sulfate

摘要:

壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠因具有水生毒性而亟需开发其替代物。壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚由于其安全性较高，且理化性能与壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的接近，是壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚潜在的替代物。本文以壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚为原料，氯磺酸为硫酸酯化试剂，合成了壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠，其中壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚（5）硫酸钠和壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚（9）硫酸钠（5, 9分别为其环氧乙烷加成数）的酯化率分别可达90.91% 和91.06%。壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚（5）硫酸钠水溶液与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（3）硫酸钠（AES）具有相近的表界面活性。合成产物壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠具有和壬基环己醇聚氧乙烯醚相当的润湿及泡沫性能，比AES更好的润湿、泡沫及乳化性能。

Abstract:

Nonylphenol ethoxylate is in urgent need of extensive research on alternatives due to its aquatic toxicity. Nonyl cyclohexanol ethoxylates have been considered as potential alternatives with a higher safety profile and similar physicochemical properties to nonylphenol ethoxylates. In this research, sodium nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylates sulfate were synthesized by using nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylates as raw material and chlorosulfonic acid as sulfation reagent, in which the esterification rates toward sodium nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylate (5) sulfate and sodium nonyl cyclohexanol ethoxylate (9) sulfate (5, 9 represents the number of ethylene oxide addition) could reach 90.91% and 91.06%, respectively. The results indicate that the aqueous solution of sodium nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylate (5) sulfate exhibited similar interfacial activity as sodium alkyl ethoxylate (3) sulfate (AES). In short, sodium nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylates sulfate presents comparable wetting and foaming properties as nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylates do, and better wetting, foaming as well as emulsifying performance than AES does.