微生物脱盐燃料电池高效除盐研究进展

Research progress on microbial desalination cells for high desalination efficiency

摘要:

微生物脱盐燃料电池（MDCs）是一种新兴的绿色可持续循环能源技术，利用微生物胞外呼吸作用同步驱动除盐、产电及降解有机污染物。首先概括传统能源密集型除盐工艺（热法和膜法）的能耗及局限性，重点从典型MDCs系统的工作原理、构型演变、运行参数、微生物群落等方面对MDCs进行系统分析，进一步阐述了多种MDC耦合工艺协同高效处理废水及其可持续发展面临的挑战，并展望了MDCs在高效、可持续和低碳废水处理、盐水淡化和能源/资源回收方面的研究前景。

Abstract:

Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are an emerging green and sustainable energy recycling technology, which utilize microbial extracellular respiration to simultaneously drive salinity removal, electricity generation and degradation organic pollutants. Firstly, the energy consumption and limitations of conventional energy-intensive desalination techniques (thermal and membrane processes) are summarized. Secondly, the MDCs was systematically analyzed from the aspects of work mechanism, configuration evolution, operative parameters and microbial community of the classic MDC system. The collaborative efficient treatment of wastewater by multiple MDC coupled technologies and its challenges for sustainable development are described in detail. Finally, the future strategies are prospected from the perspective of MDCs in efficient, sustainable and low-carbon wastewater treatment, saltwater desalination and energy/resource recovery.