功能性Janus纳米颗粒的研究进展

Research progress of functional Janus nanoparticles

摘要:

Janus纳米颗粒是一类在空间或物化性质上各向异性的纳米材料，因其独特的性质和在功能涂层、环境、催化、生物医学等领域的应用而受到广泛关注。不同纳米颗粒的侧边分布为定制具备丰富功能的Janus纳米颗粒提供了一个灵活的平台，与传统均质纳米颗粒相比，功能性Janus纳米颗粒凭借两种功能或多种功能的结合拓展了更多的新兴应用领域。该文重点讨论了目前发展较为迅速的，如磁响应性、催化性、非对称浸润性及自驱动性等功能性Janus纳米颗粒的制备策略，同时介绍了功能性Janus纳米颗粒的应用领域，并对其存在的问题进行分析讨论，最后，对功能性Janus纳米颗粒合成和应用前景进行了展望，以期为相关研究者提供思路。

Abstract:

Janus nanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with anisotropic spatial or physical and chemical properties, which have attracted wide attention due to their unique properties and applications in functional coatings, environment, catalysis, biomedicine and other fields. The side-by-side distribution of different nanoparticles provides a flexible platform for customizing Janus nanoparticles with rich functions, compared with traditional homogeneous nanoparticles, functional Janus nanoparticles expand more emerging applications by two or a combination of functions. The strategies for preparing functional Janus nanoparticles which are developing rapidly at present, such as magnetic responsiveness, catalysis, asymmetric infiltration and self-actuation, are specifically discussed. At the same time, a number of applications enabled by functional Janus nanoparticles are introduced and the existing problems are analyzed. Finally, this article is concluded with future directions and outlooks with respect to both syntheses and applications of functional Janus nanoparticles in order to provide ideas for relevant researchers.