纳米纤维素基阻燃材料的制备及其应用进展

Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Flame-retardant Nanocellulose-based Materials

摘要:

近年来，随着人们环保意识的不断提高，生物基材料受到了越来越多的关注。纳米纤维素作为一种新兴的生物基纳米材料，具有优良的机械性能、表面化学可修饰性等特性，在很多应用领域都有着较大的潜力。然而纳米纤维素是一种高度易燃的材料，这在很大程度上限制了它们的应用，因此构建阻燃型纳米纤维素材料对拓展其应用有着重要帮助。 本文主要介绍了常见的构建阻燃型纳米纤维素材料的方法，包括本征阻燃纳米纤维素材料的制备和添加型纳米纤维素基阻燃材料的制备。并重点对阻燃型纳米纤维素材料的几种主要类型（包括膜、气凝胶、长丝等）及其应用进行了总结，并对纳米纤维素阻燃改性等方面的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people"s awareness of environmental protection, bio-based materials are receiving more and more attention. As an emerging bio-based nanomaterial, nanocellulose has excellent mechanical properties, surface chemical modifiability and other characteristics, which shows great potential in many application fields. However, nanocellulose is a highly flammable material, which greatly limits their applications. Thus, the construction of flame-retardant nanocellulose materials is beneficial to expanding its application areas. This paper mainly introduces common methods for preparing flame-retardant nanocellulose based materials, including intrinsic flame-retardant nanocellulose materials and flame-retardant nanocellulose-based materials with additives. Several major types of flame-retardant nanocellulose based materials (membranes, aerogels, filament, etc.) and their applications are summarized, and the future development directions of flame retardant modification of nanocellulose are prospected.