光热转换材料在相变储能领域的研究进展

Research progress of photothermal conversion materials in the filed of phase change energy

摘要:

相变储能是热储能的一种，即利用相变材料的储热特性来储存或释放热量，达到调控温度的效果。但相变材料往往不具备光吸收能力，不能及时收集太阳光，导致其光热转换效率较低。将相变材料与光热转换材料复合可以在增强吸光能力的同时将获得的能量存储在相变材料中，赋予复合相变材料高光热转换能力。该文对光热转换材料进行了分类，介绍了其光热转换机理、对紫外光-可见光-近红外光的吸收能力以及在相变领域的应用。此外，还阐述了光热复合相变材料 的复合策略，包括浸渍法、溶胶-凝胶法、涂层法和改性微胶囊法，分析表明，不同复合策略下制备的光热复合相变材料的光吸收能力、导热系数、光热转换效率几乎都得到了提高。因此，将光热转换材料拓展到相变储能领域将进一步优化太阳能资源。

Abstract:

Phase change energy storage is a kind of thermal energy storage, that is, use the heat storage characteristics of phase change materials to store or release the heat, so as to achieve the effect of temperature regulation. However, phase change materials often do not have the ability to absorb light and cannot collect sunlight in time, resulting in low photothermal conversion efficiency. The combination of phase change material and photothermal conversion material can obtain higher light absorption capacity and store the energy obtained in the phase change material, so that the composite phase change material has the high photothermal conversion ability. This review classified the photothermal conversion materials, their photothermal conversion mechanism and absorption capacity of UV-Vis-NIR light and application in the field of phase transition are introduced. In addition, the composite strategies of photothermal composite phase change materials, including impregnation method, sol-gel method, coating method and modified microcapsule method are described, the analysis shows that the optical absorption capacity, thermal conductivity and photothermal conversion efficiency of photothermal composite phase change materials prepared under different composite strategies are almost improved. Therefore, the expansion of photothermal conversion materials into phase change energy storage will further optimize solar energy resources.