生物质基柔性超级电容器研究进展

Research progress of flexible supercapacitors based on biomass

摘要:

随着可穿戴设备的发展及公众环保意识的提升，开发高性能兼绿色经济型的柔性电化学储能器件已成为研究热点。以生物质为前驱体制备性能优异的储能材料，可以显著降低生产成本，实现碳资源的可持续利用，具有极大的发展潜力和实际应用价值。该文根据生物质基柔性超级电容器的组成及构型，依次阐明了柔性超级电容器的电极材料、柔性隔膜和各种组装方式，介绍了柔性超级电容器的电极材料，分析了木基、纤维素凝胶基、纸基以及生物质废料电极材料的特点和优势，阐述了生物质基柔性隔膜研究现状，包括纤维素纸隔膜和生物隔膜；此外，以整体性能和应用领域为依据，介绍了3种不同的柔性超级电容器构型：叠层型（三明治型）、叉指型（微型叉指化）、纤维型（线型），并对比了不同组装方式的柔性超级电容器在性能上的差异；最后分析了生物质材料用于柔性超级电容器面临的挑战，对柔性器件未来发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

With the development of wearable devices and the improvement of public awareness of environmental protection, the development of high-performance and green economic flexible electrochemical energy storage devices has become a research hotspot. Using biomass as a precursor to prepare energy storage materials with excellent performance can significantly reduce production costs and realize sustainable utilization of carbon resources, which has great development potential and practical application value. According to the composition and configuration of biomass-based flexible supercapacitors, this paper describes the electrode materials, flexible membranes and various assembly methods of flexible supercapacitors, introduces the electrode materials of flexible supercapacitors, analyzes the characteristics and advantages of wood based, cellulose gel based, paper based and biomass waste electrode materials, and expounds the research status of biomass-based flexible membranes. Including cellulose paper diaphragm and biological diaphragm; In addition, according to the overall performance and application field, three kinds of flexible supercapacitors are introduced: stacked type (sandwich type), interdigital type (micro-interdigital type), fiber type (linear type), and the performance differences of flexible supercapacitors with different assembly modes are compared. Finally, the challenges of biomass materials used in flexible supercapacitors are analyzed, and the future development direction of flexible devices is prospected.