相变微胶囊材料导热增强研究进展

Research progress on thermal conductivity enhancement of microencapsulated phase change materials（MEPCMs）

摘要:

相变微胶囊将相变材料包封在壳材中，有效解决了相变材料的泄漏等问题，是一种性能良好的相变储能材料，在热能储存领域具有广泛的应用。但因其壳材的存在削弱了内部相变材料与外部环境间的热传导，降低了相变微胶囊的热导率，制约了其实际应用范围。因此，对相变微胶囊进行改性是增强导热的有效途径。本文介绍相变微胶囊的组成与结构，并从声子-声子与电子-声子相互作用的角度，概述微观尺度下的导热机理。在此基础上，分别从芯材和壳材2个方面对相变微胶囊导热增强改性进行阐述，通过定量数据和导热机理对改性相变微胶囊的导热增强效果进行分析论述，同时，概括了改性相变微胶囊在纺织调温、浆料和建筑领域的应用。最后，对相变微胶囊导热性能增强的研究前景和挑战以及实际应用方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) that encapsulate phase change materials in shell, effectively alleviating the leakage problem, have been widely applied in thermal storage field with great performance. However, the existence of shell hinders thermal conduction between phase change materials and outer space, inducing low thermal conductivity of MEPCMs that constrains their practical uses. Hence, modification of MEPCMs as a widely adopted way can effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of MEPCMs. In this review, components and structure of MEPCMs are first introduced, and microscopic thermal conduction mechanisms from phonon-phonon and electron-phonon interaction perspective are elaborated. Then, recent advances in thermal conductivity enhancement by modifying the shell and core materials is respectively summarized and analyzed by quantitative experimental results and microcosmic mechanism. In addition, the application of modified phase change microcapsules in textile temperature control, slurry and construction is summerized. Finally, the main outlooks and challenges of modified MEPCMs and applications are outlined.