低共熔溶剂的制备及角蛋白弱损溶解机制研究

Preparation of deep eutectic solvent and its mechanism for weak damage dissolution of feather keratin

摘要:

利用低共熔溶剂强氢键拆解能力定向解构角蛋白分子间次级键作用，结合还原剂高效断裂二硫键，建立一种弱损溶解角蛋白的科学方法。设计合成了三类功能性的低共熔溶剂，通过对比其提取出的再生角蛋白提取率与分子量，筛选对角蛋白损伤较小，且提取率较高的低共熔溶剂，从还原剂、温度、溶剂水含量三方面对提取工艺进行优化。通过密度泛函（DFT）理论计算和溶剂显色参数分析了溶剂内部的氢键网络结构，研究鸡毛角蛋白的弱损溶解机制。最终得到的最优提取工艺为乙醇胺-氯化胆碱（摩尔比2:1），料液比为1:30，65℃油浴加热半小时，再生角蛋白提取率为31.8%，分子量最高可达到66KDa，相对于传统还原法提取的再生角蛋白的分子量33KDa，提高了100%。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of serious destruction of secondary structure, low molecular weight and long extraction time of regenerated keratin extracted by traditional reduction method, chicken feather was dissolved and keratin was extracted and regenerated by deep eutectic solvent (DES). In this study, different types of DES were used as solvents. By comparing the extraction rate and molecular weight of regenerated keratin extracted from them, DES with less damage to diagon protein and higher extraction rate was screened. The extraction process was optimized from three aspects: reducing agent, temperature and water content in DES. The hydrogen bond network structure in DES solvent was analyzed by density functional (DFT) theory and solvent color parameters, and the weak loss dissolution mechanism of chicken feather keratin was studied. Finally, the optimal extraction process is as follows: ethanolamine: choline chloride = 2:1 (molar ratio) water bath heating to obtain DES, the ratio of solid to liquid is 1: When the oil bath is heated at 30,65 ℃ for half an hour, the extraction rate of regenerated keratin is 31.8%, and the molecular weight is up to 66KDa, which is 100% higher than the molecular weight of 33KDa of regenerated keratin extracted by traditional reduction method.