超声-酶辅助碱法制备黑木耳膳食纤维及对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用

Preparation of fungus dietary fiber by ultrasound synergistic enzymatic method and hypoglycemic effect on diabetic mice

摘要:

以提取多糖后的黑木耳残渣为原料,研究超声波协同酶法制备黑木耳膳食纤维(Auricularia auriculaDietary Fiber,AADF)的最佳工艺,并进一步通过小鼠体内试验探究AADF的降血糖功效。试验结果表明,在料液比1:15g:mL、超声功率350W、超声时间50min、耐高温α-淀粉酶用量5%(占黑木耳残渣质量百分比)的工艺下AADF制备效果最好,其提取率为69.18%,优于传统碱液提取法。小鼠体内试验结果表明,灌胃AADF对小鼠生理状态没有异常影响,体质量增长和皮毛光泽度均正常。糖尿病小鼠降糖作用表明,在AADF的干预下,与模型组小鼠相比,其余各灌胃剂量组小鼠空腹血糖值下降13.72%、口服糖耐量降低16.95%,糖尿病小鼠血脂总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量显著降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量升高,并提高了血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,肝脏中的过氧化氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶活力。肝脏组织病理学分析也表明AADF对糖尿病小鼠肝损伤具有一定的保护和修复作用。本实验研究表明黑木耳膳食纤维能够有效改善糖尿病小鼠的生理指标,为进一步研究和合理开发黑木耳膳食纤维提供了参考。

Abstract:

Using the residue after extraction of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides, the optimal process of Auricularia auricula dietary fiber (AADF) was investigated by ultrasonic synergistic enzymatic digestion, and the hypoglycemic effect of AADF was further explored by in vivo experiments. The results showed that AADF was best prepared under the process of the material-liquid ratio of 1:15 g: mL, ultrasonic power of 350 W, ultrasonic time of 50 min, and high-temperature-resistant α-amylase dosage of 5% (as a percentage of the mass of black fungus residue), with an extraction rate of 69.18%, which was superior to that of the traditional alkaline extraction method. The results of in vivo tests in mice showed that gavage of AADF had no abnormal effects on the physiological state of mice, and the growth of body mass and the glossiness of fur were abnormal. The hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice showed that under the intervention of AADF, compared with the model group mice, the fasting blood glucose value of the rest of the gavage dose group mice was decreased by 13.72%, oral glucose tolerance was reduced by 16.95%. The total blood lipid cholesterol and triglycerides of diabetic mice were significantly reduced, and the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased. Glutathione peroxidase in serum, catalase in the liver, succinate dehydrogenase activity significantly increased. Histopathological analysis of liver also showed that AADF had a certain protective and repairing effect on liver injury in diabetic mice. The present experimental study demonstrated that Auricularia auricula dietary fiber could effectively improve the physiological indexes of diabetic mice and provided a reference for further research and rational development of Auricularia auricula dietary fiber.