物理溶剂型相变吸收捕集CO2研究进展

Research progress in physical solvent based phase change absorption and capture of CO2

摘要:

近年来,为进一步降低燃煤电厂产生CO2造成的碳捕集能耗,基于传统有机胺化学吸收剂研发的相变吸收剂成为近年CCUS(CO2捕集、利用与封存)技术研究热点,而相较于传统有机胺相变吸收剂,新型相变吸收剂有着更优异的性能表现。该文从传统相变吸收剂的分类、工艺流程和研究进展出发,阐述了传统相变吸收剂因黏度、富相占比和成本等问题限制发展的情况。针对上述问题,结合溶剂组成和相变机理,重点综述了以物理溶剂型相变吸收剂为代表的新型相变吸收剂,主要可以归为三类:醇胺混合类、砜胺混合类和醚胺混合类相变吸收剂；同时从分相情况和性能提升等方面对各类吸收剂的研究情况进行介绍和分析,比较各类溶剂的优缺点,并深入分析；最后,结合研究现状和工业应用需求,对物理溶剂型相变吸收剂的研究方向给出建议。

Abstract:

In recent years, in order to further reduce the carbon capture energy consumption caused by CO2 generation in coal-fired power plants, phase change absorbers based on traditional organic amine chemical absorbers have become a research hotspot in CCUS (CO2 capture, utilization, and storage) technology. Compared to traditional organic amine phase change absorbers, new phase change absorbers have better performance. Starting from the classification, process flow, and research progress of traditional phase change absorbers, this article elaborates on the limitations of their development due to issues such as viscosity, proportion of rich phases, and cost. In response to the above issues, combined with solvent composition and phase change mechanism, this paper focuses on the review of new phase change absorbers represented by physical solvent type phase change absorbers, which can be mainly classified into three categories: alcohol amine mixed type, sulfone amine mixed type, and ether amine mixed type phase change absorbers; At the same time, introduce and analyze the research status of various absorbents from the aspects of phase separation and performance improvement, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various solvents, and conduct in-depth analysis; Finally, based on the current research status and industrial application needs, suggestions are given for the research direction of physical solvent based phase change absorbers.