气相氟-氯交换合成氯氟烃替代物或中间体的研究进展

Research progress in the synthesis of chlorofluorocarbon substitutes or intermediates by gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange

摘要:

该文对气相氟-氯交换合成氯氟烃（CFCs）替代物或中间体的反应机理、氟化催化剂和合成工艺进行了综述。气相氟-氯交换属于氟化催化剂催化的Swartz反应，主要用于合成C1~C6 CFCs替代物或其中间体，同时也合成用于锂电池、含氟医药等重要领域的系列杂原子氟化物，具有绿色高效、容易实现大规模生产的特点。展望了气相氟-氯交换未来发展趋势，提出今后的研究重点在于研究和完善铬基催化剂用于气相氟-氯交换反应的理论基础，研究和开发高碳原子数氯代烃的气相氟-氯交换工艺技术，以及研究和开发气相氟-氯交换技术在新能源、含氟医药等领域的应用，这是今后氟化学领域的研究重点之一。

Abstract:

The article provides a review of the reaction mechanism, fluorination catalysts, and synthetic processes for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) substitutes or intermediates through the gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange. The gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange reaction belongs to the Swartz reaction over catalyzed by fluorination catalysts, which is mainly used for the synthesis of C1~C6 CFCs substitutes or intermediates, as well as a series of heteroatom fluorides used in important fields such as lithium batteries and fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals, with the characteristics of being environmentally friendly, highly efficient, and easily scalable for large-scale production. The future development trend of gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange is discussed, and the focus of future research is proposed to study the theoretical basis of chromium-based catalysts for gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange reactions, develop gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange process technologies for high-carbon chloroalkanes, and explore the application of gas-phase fluorine-chlorine exchange technology in new energy and fluorine-containing pharmaceutical fields. These directions could be research priorities in the field of fluorine chemistry in the future.