包膜型功能缓控释肥及其膜材料研究进展

Research progress of coated functional slow and controlled release fertilizers and their membrane materials

摘要:

化肥在农业生产中具有重要作用，但传统化肥的大量使用对环境造成了严重的负面影响。为实现可持续发展，包膜型缓控释肥料作为传统化肥替代品备受关注。该肥料通常具备核壳结构并通过控制外部壳层来调控内层肥料的释放速度，可减轻环境污染、提高肥料利用率和增加作物产量。包膜肥制备的关键在于开发性能优异、廉价和环境友好的功能膜材料。本文综述了国内外包膜型功能缓控释肥料的研究现状、膜材料的种类、包膜工艺和缓控释机理，并分析了其应用中存在的问题，同时展望了该类型肥料在农业中的应用前景。

Abstract:

Fertilizers play a crucial role in agricultural production. However, the extensive use of traditional fertilizers has caused serious negative impacts on the environment. In order to achieve sustainable development, coated controlled-release fertilizers have gained significant attention as alternatives to traditional fertilizers. This fertilizer typically exhibits a core-shell structure and controls the release rate of the inner layer fertilizer by manipulating the outer shell layer. It can reduce environmental pollution, regulate nutrient release rate, enhance fertilizer utilization efficiency, and increase crop yield. The key to the preparation of coated controlled-release fertilizers lies in the development of high-performance, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly functional coating materials. This review paper provides an overview of the current research status of domestic and foreign coated controlled-release fertilizers, the types of coating materials, coating processes, and controlled-release mechanisms. The paper also analyzes the problems in their application and prospects the potential applications of these fertilizers in agriculture.