铁调控厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥研究进展

Research progress on iron regulation of anammox granular sludge

摘要:

相较于其他传统的脱氮技术,厌氧氨氧化(Anaerobic ammonium oxidation,Anammox)工艺作为目前新型的脱氮工艺具有无需外加碳源、节能、减排等优点。然而,在实际应用过程中却因污泥流失而无法快速培养启动。厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥(Anammox granular sludge,AnGS)可以提高Anammox工艺脱氮效能并保障长期稳定运行,其中通过外加铁强化AnGS是当前研究最为广泛且具经济性和实用性的一种措施。该文简述了厌氧氨氧化菌(Anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria,AnAOB)的特性、代谢途径及AnGS的聚集机制,重点从调控酶的合成和功能基因的表达、加速功能菌群的富集、供给颗粒污泥凝结核、促进胞外聚合物(EPS)分泌以及加强系统群体感应等方面对铁调控AnGS的机制进行梳理,为铁强化Anammox技术的发展与应用提供理论指导。

Abstract:

Compared with other traditional nitrogen removal technologies, the Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process is a new nitrogen removal process with the advantages of no additional carbon source, energy saving and emission reduction. However, in the practical application process, it is difficult to start up quickly due to sludge loss. Anammox granular sludge (AnGS) can improve the efficiency of nitrogen removal and ensure the long-term stable operation of the Anammox process, the reinforcement of AnGS by adding iron is one of the most widely studied, economical, and practical measures at present. This paper briefly describes the characteristics, metabolic pathways, and aggregation mechanism of Anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AnAOB), focusing on combining the mechanism of iron regulation of AnGS in terms of regulating the synthesis of enzymes and the expression of functional genes, accelerating the enrichment of functional bacteria, supplying granular sludge condensation nuclei, promoting the secretion of extracellular polymer (EPS), and strengthening the systemic group induction, to provide theoretical guidance for the development and application of iron-enhanced Anammox technology.