咖啡渣改性聚氨酯基阻尼复合材料的制备与性能

Preparation and properties of polyurethane-based damping composite modified by coffee grounds

摘要:

高分子基阻尼材料由于具有优异的减振性能而在众多工业领域中被广泛使用，随着人们环保意识的增强，利用绿色可再生资源制备高性能阻尼复合材料对该领域的可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究通过两步法制备了咖啡渣改性聚氨酯基阻尼复合材料。利用DMA、TGA和万能力学试验机等测试手段，研究了咖啡渣含量和粒径对复合材料阻尼性能、热稳定性能、抗拉强度及断裂伸长率等性能的影响。结果表明：适量咖啡渣的加入可以有效提高复合材料的阻尼性能和力学性能，并且热稳定性能也可以得到有效改善，当咖啡渣的质量分数达到10 %时，复合材料表现出最好的阻尼效果，损耗因子最高达到0.66，且拉伸强度提高了33.8 %，断裂伸长率提升了12.9 %。

Abstract:

Polymer-based damping materials are widely used in various industrial fields due to their excellent vibration reduction performance. With the enhancement of environmental awareness, the preparation of high-performance damping composites using green renewable resources is of great significance for the sustainable development of this field. In this study, coffee grounds modified polyurethane-based damping composites were prepared by two-step method. The effects of coffee grounds content and particle size on damping properties, thermal stability, tensile strength and elongation at break were studied by means of DMA、TGA and universal mechanical testing machine. The results show that the damping and mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composite can be effectively improved by adding appropriate amount of coffee grounds. When the mass fraction of coffee grounds is 10 %, the damping effect of the composite is best, the loss factor is up to 0.66, the tensile strength increases by 33.8%, and the elongation at break increases by 12.9%.