二维MOFs纳米片用于去除环境污染物的研究进展

The progress of 2d mofs nanosheets for removal of environmental pollutants

摘要:

金属有机框架材料（MOFs）作为一种由金属节点和有机配体通过自组装连接而成的具有周期性网络结构的晶体多孔材料，因其具有高比表面积、高孔隙率和可修饰等特点，被广泛应用于各个领域。然而，零维、一维和三维材料通常存在活性位点少、与污染物接触面积不足等问题，对此，二维形态的MOFs基材料提供了解决思路，并在去除环境污染物的领域中大放异彩。该文综述了近五年二维MOFs基材料在去除环境污染物方面的应用进展，其中包括二维MOFs纳米片的制备方法、去除污染物的主要机制以及污染物种类；并指出MOFs本身特性使其有利于吸附或催化环境污染物，在此基础上进行复合或是衍生策略可以显著提高去除效率；以及以理论计算的角度去揭示MOFs与污染物内部相互作用的机理；最后对MOFs的改性策略、相互作用机制和系统的理论指导进行总结并展望。

Abstract:

Metal-organic frame material (MOFs) is a kind of crystalline porous material with periodic network structure, which is connected by metal nodes and organic ligands through self-assembly. It is widely used in various fields because of its high specific surface area, high porosity and modifiability. However, zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and three-dimensional materials usually have problems such as fewer active sites and insufficient contact area between pollutants and MOFs, for which two-dimensional MOFs-based materials provide solutions and shine in the field of removing environmental pollutants. In this paper, the application progress of two-dimensional MOFs-based materials in the removal of environmental pollutants in the past five years is reviewed, including the preparation method of two-dimensional nanosheet MOFs, the main mechanism of removal of pollutants and the types of pollutants. It is pointed out that MOFs are beneficial to adsorb or catalyze environmental pollutants, and on this basis, a compound or derivative strategy can significantly improve the removal efficiency, and revealed the mechanism of interaction between MOFs and pollutants from the perspective of theoretical calculation. Finally, the modification strategy, interaction mechanism and systematic theoretical guidance of MOFs are summarized and prospected.