改性聚氨酯上浆剂的制备及其对碳纤维的增强

Modified polyurethane sizing agent reinforced carbon fiber/polyurethane composites

摘要:

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚丙二醇-1000(PPG-1000)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)、全氟己基乙醇(TFO)、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)为原料,采用自乳化法制备了三种水性聚氨酯(WPU)上浆剂。利用FTIR、XPS对上浆剂化学结构进行表征,结合表面张力、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重测试确定合适的上浆浓度为1.0 %。将浓度为1.0 %的三种上浆剂在不同复配比例下进行机械共混并对上浆碳纤维进行SEM和接触角测试,发现上浆后碳纤维表面能有明显提升。最后通过微液滴法对以聚氨酯为基体的复合材料进行界面剪切强度(IFSS)测试,结果表明EDA改性效果最好,IFSS达到了34 MPa,相比原碳纤维提升了116%,为与聚氨酯基体相匹配上浆剂的研发提供了指导。

Abstract:

Using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polypropylene glycol-1000 (PPG-1000), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), ethylenediamine (EDA), perfluorohexylethanol (TFO) and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) as raw materials, three kinds of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) sizing agents were prepared by self-emulsifying method. The chemical structure of sizing agent was characterized by FTIR and XPS, and the appropriate sizing concentration was determined to be 1.0% by surface tension, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetric test. Three sizing agents with a concentration of 1.0% were mechanically blended at different compound ratios, and the sized carbon fibers were tested by SEM and contact angle. It was found that the surface energy of carbon fibers was obviously improved after sizing. Finally, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) test of polyurethane-based composite materials was carried out by micro-droplet method. The results showed that EDA modification effect was the best. The IFSS reached 34 MPa, which was 116% higher than that of the original carbon fiber. It provides guidance for the research and development of sizing agent matching polyurethane matrix.