纳米限域活化过硫酸盐氧化水中有机污染研究进展

Research progress on nanoconfinement activated persulfate oxidation of organic pollution in water

摘要:

过硫酸盐（PS）高级氧化技术能有效降解水中污染物。然而，PS 产生的自由基（SO4?- 和?OH）寿命短、对天然有机质敏感，降低了活性氧物种（ROS）的可用性。最近，纳米限域促进了PS活化、解决了ROS的扩散和传质问题，受到极大关注。本文首先概述了构建纳米受限空间所用多孔材料的种类、性质和特点。而后，重点阐述了纳米限域活化PS体系对染料、药物和个人护理品）（PPCPs）等污染物的降解效果和催化氧化机制，并总结分析了催化剂/氧化剂用量、环境因子和水质特性对纳米限域效应的影响。最后，在归纳当前研究成果的基础上，指出纳米限域活化PS在水处理领域面临的挑战，并提出未来应从可调功能纳米催化剂开发、中间和过渡态研究、先进检测/分析技术开发和应用、长期实际应用方面开展深入研究，以推动该技术的工程应用。

Abstract:

The advanced oxidation technology of persulfate (PS) can effectively degrade organic pollutants in water. However, the free radicals (SO4?- and ?OH) generated by PS have short lifespans and are sensitive to natural organic matters, reducing the availability of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, the nanoconfinement effect has promoted PS activation and solved the diffusion and mass transfer problems of ROS, receiving great attention. In this article, the types, properties, and characteristics of porous materials used to construct nanoconfined spaces are outlined. Subsequently, the degradation performances and catalytic oxidation mechanism of various pollutants such as dyes, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) by the nanoconfined activated PS systems are emphasized, simultaneously, the influences of catalyst/oxidant dosage, environmental factors, and water quality characteristics on the nanoconfined effect are summarized and analyzed. Finally, based on the summary of current researches, the challenges faced by nanoconfinement activated PS in the field of water treatment are pointed out, and the in-depth research from the aspects of the development of adjustable functional nano catalysts, the research on the intermediates and transition states, the development and application of advanced detection/analysis technology, and experiment about long-term practical application are proposed, promoting the engineering application of this technology.