刚性间隔基双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Synthesis and Properties of Rigid Spacer Gemini Surfactants

摘要:

为了提高传统表面活性剂洗涤耐硬水性，减少洗涤配方中螯合剂的使用。本文合成了以苯和二苯甲烷为间隔基的两性双子表面活性剂(Ph-2UHSB、DiPh-2UHSB)。采用电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)和核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)对产物的结构进行了表征，并对产物的表面性能、Krafft点、乳化性、去污性等性能进行了全面评价。结果表明所合成表面活性剂具有较低的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为10-5 mol/L数量级，具有较低的发泡性，良好的润湿性。其耐硬水稳定性均优于十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)，在硬水浓度500 mg/L下，Ph-2UHSB对织物上油污的去除率比SDBS高18.34%，且Ph-2UHSB与SDBS两者具有协同去污作用。

Abstract:

In order to improve the hard water resistance of traditional surfactant washing, reduce the use of chelating agents in washing formulas. In this paper, amphoteric gemini surfactants (Ph-2UHSB, DiPh-2UHSB) with benzene and diphenylmethane as spacers were synthesized. The structure of the product was characterized using electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), and the surface properties, Krafft point, emulsification, decontamination and other properties of the product were comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the synthesized surfactant has a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the order of 10-5 mol/L, lower foaming property, and good wettability. Its hard water resistance stability is better than that of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). At a hard water concentration of 500 mg/L, Ph-2UHSB #39;s removal rate of oil stains on fabrics is 18.34% higher than that of SDBS, and Ph-2UHSB is consistent with SDBS has a synergistic decontamination effect.