金属材料在红外隐身中的研究进展

Research progress of metal materials in infrared stealth

摘要:

红外隐身对战场中军事目标的安全有着重大意义。由于具有较低的红外发射率,金属材料是应用最为广泛的红外隐身材料之一。本文简述了金属材料作为红外隐身材料的机理；综述了近些年金属材料及其复合材料在红外隐身中的应用,主要包括红外隐身纤维膜、红外隐身涂层、金属薄膜,介绍了当前红外隐身涂层的主流模型,根据模型及文献重点分析了金属材料对红外隐身涂层性能的影响因素,如种类、形貌、粒径等；并针对金属材料存在的问题总结了其改性方向,以期满足现代化战争需求；之后,总结了对于金属基红外隐身复合材料的结构设计(多层结构、核壳结构、多孔结构)；最后对金属材料如何实现多波段隐身、智能化隐身以及耐候性等方面进行了展望。

Abstract:

Infrared stealth is of great significance in improving the survival rate of military targets on the battlefield. Metal materials are one kind of the most promising infrared stealth materials because of their low infrared emissivity. This article described the mechanism of metal materials as infrared stealth materials in brief and reviewed the applications of metal materials and their composite materials in infrared stealth in recent years, including infrared stealth fiber membranes, infrared stealth coatings, and metal thin films. The mainstream models of infrared stealth coatings were introduced. And this article analyzed how the metal materials influence the performance of infrared stealth coatings based on models and articles, such as types, morphologies, particle sizes, etc. The modification directions for some problems existing in metal materials were summarized. Afterwards, the structural designs of metal based infrared stealth composite materials (multi-layer structure, core-shell structure, porous structure) were elaborated; Finally, prospects were given on how metal material can achieve multi band stealth, intelligent stealth, and weather resistance.